Why you should read this article:

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To enhance your knowledge of the pathophysiology, staging, and signs and symptoms of acute kidney injury

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To familiarise yourself with treatments for acute kidney injury such as fluid management and renal replacement therapy

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To count towards revalidation as part of your 35 hours of CPD, or you may wish to write a reflective account (UK readers)

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To contribute towards your professional development and local registration renewal requirements (non-UK readers)

Acute kidney injury, previously referred to as acute renal failure, is a common and often preventable condition that is seen in patients in acute and primary care settings. Nurses in both settings should be able to identify and assess patients at risk of acute kidney injury, and those with developing acute kidney injury, and understand the principles of clinical management. Early identification can assist in prevention of acute kidney injury, while supportive management and interventions can prevent further deterioration in patients diagnosed with the condition. This article describes acute kidney injury and outlines the pathophysiology, staging, and signs and symptoms. The author also describes the clinical management of patients with acute kidney injury and the long-term effects of the condition.